Caterpillar announced Sunday that Cat China and AVIC Liyuan Hydraulics Co. “have signed a joint-venture agreement to establish a company to design and manufacture medium- and heavy-duty hydraulic pumps and motors for the construction equipment industry.” The press release was picked up and reprinted in the Journal Star Monday on the web — it will probably appear in Tuesday’s paper.
This joint venture comes on the heels of Cat’s September 29 announcement that they were building their twelfth factory in China, this one to make mini hydraulic excavators. That announcement was met with some criticism, not so much at Caterpillar per se, but against U.S. trade relations with China. From the American Thinker blog:
Why can’t Caterpillar make a profit exporting mini-excavators to China? The answer is simple: China has a 30% tariff on all excavators. In fact it has a similar high tariff on just about every vehicle…. When President Obama’s economic adviser Larry Summers was Secretary of the Treasury under President Clinton, he oversaw China’s entry to the WTO (World Trade Organization), and he let China declare all these vehicles as a “strategic sector” entitled to high protective tariffs….
The Chinese government has long used these tariffs as a lever in order to loot American companies of their technology. First it forces vehicle-making companies to locate their factories in China if they want to sell to the growing Chinese market. Then it forces them to “share” their proprietary technologies with Chinese competitors. Caterpillar already has 11 factories in China. It also has two Chinese competitors – Liugong and Sany – that are producing what one expert describes as “knockoffs” of Caterpillar models, and they are exporting them to the world.
From a similar post (same author) on a different blog, they add, “What we see is American trade pacifism at work. We keep our markets open to Chinese products. They close their markets to American products and then, in return for access, force our companies to build factories in China and give Chinese competitors their proprietary technology.” The upshot is, “If trade were free and balanced, Caterpillar might profitably produce excavators in the United States and sell them in China, but with the Chinese government setting the terms of trade in a way that keeps out made-in-America products, Caterpillar has little choice but to locate its factory in China.”
Well, they have “little choice” if they want to do business in China, that is. It’s easy to see why they would want to do business in China — so obvious I need not recite the reasons here. But is it worth the cost in the long run if they ultimately have to share their research and development with their competition? What happens when they start having to compete with cheaper knock-offs of their products — not just in China, but worldwide? I can’t help but wonder if they’re sacrificing long-term viability for short-term gain.